Oral thrush, also known as oral candidiasis, is a fungal infection that affects the mouth and throat. It is caused by an overgrowth of the fungus Candida albicans, which is naturally present in the mouth in small amounts. When the balance of microorganisms in the mouth is disrupted, Candida can multiply and lead to the development of white, creamy patches on the tongue, inner cheeks, and other areas of the mouth.
Causes and Risk Factors
Candida overgrowth doesn't happen randomly — something usually tips the balance:
- Antibiotics, which can wipe out the bacteria that normally keep Candida in check
- Inhaled corticosteroids (asthma inhalers) used without rinsing afterward
- Dentures — especially worn overnight or not cleaned daily
- Dry mouth, which removes saliva's natural protection
- Diabetes, particularly when blood sugar runs high
- A weakened immune system from illness or medications
- Smoking
Oral Thrush Treatment at Concierge Dental
Oral thrush is very treatable. After confirming the diagnosis, your dentist will typically prescribe an antifungal medication — a rinse, lozenge, or tablet depending on your situation — and just as importantly, address what allowed the overgrowth in the first place. That can mean a denture-cleaning routine reset, coordination with your physician about medications or blood sugar, treatment for dry mouth, or simply new inhaler habits. Treating the cause is what keeps thrush from coming back.
Oral Thrush FAQs
Q. What Are the Symptoms of Oral Thrush?
A:
White or creamy patches: These patches may appear on the tongue, inner cheeks, roof of the mouth, gums, or throat.
Pain and discomfort: Oral thrush can cause soreness, a burning sensation, and difficulty swallowing.
Loss of taste: Some individuals with oral thrush may experience a diminished sense of taste.
Q: How is Oral Thrush Treated
A. The treatment of oral thrush typically involves antifungal medications that can be prescribed by a dentist or healthcare provider. These medications may come in the form of oral rinses, lozenges, or topical creams. In addition to medication, it’s essential to address any underlying causes or contributing factors, such as adjusting medication regimens or improving oral hygiene.
Q. Is oral thrush contagious?
A. In healthy adults, generally no — Candida is already present in most mouths. Thrush appears when conditions allow overgrowth, not simply through contact.
Q. How can I prevent oral thrush from returning?
A. Clean dentures daily and leave them out at night, rinse your mouth after using a steroid inhaler, stay on top of dry mouth, manage blood sugar if you're diabetic, and keep up regular dental visits so early signs get caught.